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Simple triage and rapid treatment (START) is a triage method used by first responders to quickly classify victims during a mass casualty incident (MCI) based on the severity of their injury. The method was developed in 1983 by the staff members of Hoag Hospital and Newport Beach Fire Department located in California, and is currently widely used in the United States.〔START Adult Triage Algorithm. Radiation Emergency Medical Management: REMM (US Department of Health and Human Services). http://www.remm.nlm.gov/startadult.htm〕 ==Classification== First responders using START evaluate victims and assign them to one of the following four categories: * Immediate (red) * Delayed (yellow) * Walking wounded/minor (green) * Deceased/expectant (black)〔Lerner EB, Schwartz RB, Coule PL, et al. "Mass Casualty Triage: An Evaluation of the Data and Development of a Proposed National Guideline." ''Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness'' 2(Suppl. 1) 2008, pp S25-S34.〕 The colors correspond to triage tags, which are used by some agencies to indicate each victim's status, although physical tags are not necessary if patients can be physically sorted into different areas.〔Benson M, Koenig KL, Schultz CH. "Disaster Triage: START, then SAVE--A New Method of Dynamic Triage for Victims of a Catastrophic Event." ''Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness'' 11(2) 1996, pp 117-124.〕 Responders arriving to the scene of a mass casualty incident may first ask that any victim who is able to walk relocate to a certain area, thereby identifying the ambulatory, or walking wounded, patients. Non-ambulatory patients are then assessed. The only medical intervention used prior to declaring a patient deceased is an attempt to open the airway. Any patient who is not breathing after this attempt is classified as deceased and given a black tag. No further interventions or therapies are attempted on deceased patients until all other patients have been treated. Patients who are breathing and have any of the following conditions are classified as immediate: * respiratory rate greater than 30 per minute. * unresponsive (unable to follow commands) All other patients are classified as delayed.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「simple triage and rapid treatment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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